As both defeated countries in World War II, why can Germany have an army while Japan can only set up a self-defense force?

are both defeated countries in World War II. Why can Germany have its army while Japan can only set up its self-Defense Forces? Why are the armed forces of the two defeated countries so different after the war? This involves a problem: the allies dealt with Germany and Japan in completely different directions after the war.

in 1944, the allies and the Soviet Red Army entered the east-west direction. In January 1945, the allies and the Soviets had entered the German mainland, and it was only a matter of time before the victory of the European battlefield in World War II. To discuss how to deal with the war between Germany and the Soviet Union against Japan, in February 1945, the heads of state of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union met in Yalta, the Soviet Union.

after negotiations, the heads of state of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union summed up the allies' post-war disposal plan for Germany. The contents of this plan can be summarized as follows:

first, the allies and Soviet forces will continue to counter-attack the German mainland until the complete demise of the German fascist government.

second, the US and British troops and the Soviet Red Army will respectively occupy an area of the German mainland according to the actual situation. This region is coordinated by the Central Regulatory Committee in Berlin, whose members are composed of representatives of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union.

third, France can join the allied committee governing Germany if France so wishes.

fourth, eliminate all Nazi-related laws, institutions, organizations, and institutions, and eliminate all Nazi-related influences in cultural life.

Fifth, set up a compensation commission, which is responsible for Germany's post-war compensation to the allies.

from the above five main points, we can see that the allies have a very complete plan and plan for the post-war disposal of Germany.  in May 1945, Germany signed the letter of surrender, and the European battlefield of World War II ended with the victory of the allies. The troops of the United States, Britain, France, and the Soviet Union occupied the German mainland by the provisions of the Yalta Agreement. At this time, Germany had lost its status as an independent country in the sense of international law, its army, government, and political parties were disbanded, and the Allied Control Committee exercised comprehensive military control over Germany and dominated the trial of German war criminals after the war.

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and the allies' complete plan for the post-war disposal of Germany is that the allies' post-war disposal of Japan does not have such a complete plan as the disposal of Germany.

in July 1945, the heads of state of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union held a meeting in the small German town of Potsdam. The leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union further detailed the post-war disposal of Germany in the Yalta Agreement at the Potsdam meeting. However,  because US President Truman wanted to use the influence of the atomic bomb to realize the separate occupation of Japan and rely on the strength of Japan to contain the Soviet Union after the war, the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union did not list any detailed plans for the disposal of Japan after the war, let alone reached a consensus on how the allies should occupy Japan, which foreshadowed the US occupation of Japan alone.

on August 6 and 9, 1945, the US military dropped two atomic bombs on Japan. On August 8, the Soviet Union declared war on Japan. But it seemed too late for the Soviet Union to declare war on Japan, and American soldiers, with the support of MacArthur and Truman, were ready to occupy the Japanese mainland on their own. On August 15, Japan surrendered. Taking advantage of the opportunity of Japan's surrender, the United States actively sent troops to Japan. Truman approved the memorandum on "occupation of Japan and the junta" of the State Council and made it clear that Japan should not be occupied by multiple countries. Although the Soviet Union proposed that Marshal Wasilewski and MacArthur jointly serve as the supreme commander of the Allied occupation of Japan, this request of the Soviet government was rejected by the United States.

on August 28th, US Marines landed in Yokosuka. Subsequently, 150000 US troops occupied all of Japan in the name of allies.  to cover people's eyes, the United States set up a far East Commission with the participation of 11 countries to take charge of Japanese affairs and set up an "Allied Committee on Japan Control" as an advisory body for the Japanese occupation, but the power over the Japanese occupation is still in the hands of MacArthur and the US military.

to contain the influence of the Soviet occupation, the United States launched a currency reform and issued a B Mark in the occupied areas of the United States, Britain, and France on June 18, 1948. The Soviet Union, on the other hand, competed to release the D Mark in its region.  the emergence of two currencies in one country fully shows that Germany will be fully divided in the years of the Cold War.

on June 21, Mark B was fully implemented in the territories occupied by the United States, Britain, and France. The move raised concerns in the Soviet Union, which believed that the actions of the United States, Britain, and France were splitting Germany.  out of self-interest, the Soviet Union immediately blocked the air communication line to West Berlin, and the Berlin crisis broke out for the first time.

however, although the Soviet Union has taken a tough stand against the United States on the German issue, the United States has accelerated the transformation of the occupied territories into an independent country under its control despite the opposition of the Soviet Union. In September 1948, 66 MPs, led by Adenauer, formulated a new constitution in western Germany. In May 1949, the United States, Britain, and France ratified the new constitution. On May 23, the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) was officially established. Adenauer became the first prime minister of the Federal Republic of Germany. Seeing that the United States single-handedly led the establishment of West Germany, the Soviet Union joined forces with members of the red political parties of Germany in the eastern occupation to form the German Democratic Republic.  from then on, East Germany and West Germany fought each other for decades during the Cold War.