The huge "reparations" paid to the great powers in the late Qing Dynasty often cost hundreds of millions of taels of silver

The huge "reparations" paid to the great powers in the late Qing Dynasty often cost hundreds of millions of taels of silver
Before the Westernization Movement, the traditional national income of the Qing Dynasty was about 30 million to 40 million taels of silver.

it is well known that the Qing Dynasty has continuously signed many unequal treaties with many imperialist powers since its defeat in the First Opium War in 1840. Almost all of these unequal treaties involve the issue of reparations.

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1. Local provinces forcibly allocate